Rat Transglutaminase 2, Tissue (TGM2) ELISA Kit

Principle of the Assay

The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to TGM2. Standards or samples are then added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells with a biotin-conjugated antibody preparation specific to TGM2. Next, Avidin conjugated to Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) is added to each microplate well and incubated. After the TMB substrate solution is added, only those wells that contain TGM2, biotin-conjugated antibody, and enzyme-conjugated Avidin will exhibit a change in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of sulphuric acid solution, and the color change is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450nm ± 10nm. The concentration of TGM2 in the samples is then determined by comparing the O.D. of the samples to the standard curve.


For Use with serum, plasma, and cell culture supernatants. For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

Target Information

Calcium-dependent acyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of covalent bonds between peptide-bound glutamine and various primary amines, such as gamma-amino group of peptide-bound lysine, or mono- and polyamines, thereby producing cross-linked or aminated proteins, respectively (By similarity). Involved in many biological processes, such as bone development, angiogenesis, wound healing, cellular differentiation, chromatin modification and apoptosis (By similarity). Acts as a protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase by mediating the cross-linking of proteins, such as ACO2, HSPB6, FN1, HMGB1, RAP1GDS1, SLC25A4/ANT1, SPP1 and WDR54 (PubMed:16341586, PubMed:29622788). Under physiological conditions, the protein cross-linking activity is inhibited by GTP; inhibition is relieved by Ca(2+) in response to various stresses (By similarity). When secreted, catalyzes cross-linking of proteins of the extracellular matrix, such as FN1 and SPP1 resulting in the formation of scaffolds (By similarity). Plays a key role during apoptosis, both by (1) promoting the cross-linking of cytoskeletal proteins resulting in condensation of the cytoplasm, and by (2) mediating cross-linking proteins of the extracellular matrix, resulting in the irreversible formation of scaffolds that stabilize the integrity of the dying cells before their clearance by phagocytosis, thereby preventing the leakage of harmful intracellular components (By similarity). In addition to protein cross-linking, can use different monoamine substrates to catalyze a vast array of protein post-translational modifications: mediates aminylation of serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline or histamine into glutamine residues of target proteins to generate protein serotonylation, dopaminylation, noradrenalinylation or histaminylation, respectively (By similarity). Mediates protein serotonylation of small GTPases during activation and aggregation of platelets, leading to constitutive activation of these GTPases (By similarity). Plays a key role in chromatin organization by mediating serotonylation and dopaminylation of histone H3 (By similarity). Catalyzes serotonylation of 'Gln-5' of histone H3 (H3Q5ser) during serotonergic neuron differentiation, thereby facilitating transcription (By similarity). Acts as a mediator of neurotransmission-independent role of nuclear dopamine in ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons: catalyzes dopaminylation of 'Gln-5' of histone H3 (H3Q5dop), thereby regulating relapse-related transcriptional plasticity in the reward system (By similarity). Regulates vein remodeling by mediating serotonylation and subsequent inactivation of ATP2A2/SERCA2 (By similarity). Also acts as a protein deamidase by mediating the side chain deamidation of specific glutamine residues of proteins to glutamate (By similarity). Catalyzes specific deamidation of protein gliadin, a component of wheat gluten in the diet (By similarity). May also act as an isopeptidase cleaving the previously formed cross-links (By similarity). Also able to participate in signaling pathways independently of its acyltransferase activity: acts as a signal transducer in alpha-1 adrenergic receptor-mediated stimulation of phospholipase C-delta (PLCD) activity and is required for coupling alpha-1 adrenergic agonists to the stimulation of phosphoinositide lipid metabolism (PubMed:7911253, PubMed:12054611, PubMed:14970202). Activates alpha-1 adrenergic receptor signaling during pregnancy, promoting smooth muscle cell proliferation (PubMed:14970202).

Materials Supplied

Storage

Performance Characteristics